How vinyl chloride, the chemical released in the Ohio train derailment, can damage the liver

Vinyl Chloride – A Liver’s Worst Enemy As residents of East Palestine, Ohio, are still reeling from the consequences of the train derailment that happened there on February 2023, the cause of the disaster has been revealed. An analysis of the contents of the train cars showed that they were carrying a highly toxic chemical, Vinyl Chloride. Vinyl Chloride, or VC, is a solvent used in industries such as the plastics and petrochemical production industries. It is colorless, and has a slightly sweet, ether-like odor. Despite its pleasant smell, however, exposure to this chemical can be detrimental to human health. The most significant consequence of VC exposure is damage to the liver, in particular to the liver cells, or hepatocytes. Through the inhalation of VC, it enters the bloodstream and builds up in the fat tissues. From there, it moves to the liver, where it can cause serious damage. Studies conducted on animals have revealed that exposure to high levels of VC results in damage to the liver, including inflammation, fibrous tissue, and, in severe cases, cancer. In humans, exposure to VC can cause acute liver damage. In addition to the inflammation and fibrous tissue, acute liver damage can also include jaundice, difficulty breathing, and abdominal discomfort. Long-term exposure has been linked to an increased risk of both primary and secondary liver cancer. The best way to prevent exposure to VC is to avoid contact with the chemical. Because of the safety risks posed by VC, it is important that those who work in the petrochemical and plastics industries practice rigorous safety protocols and use proper protective equipment. In addition to avoiding contact with VC, it is important to seek medical attention if any symptoms of VC exposure are detected. These include abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, nausea and vomiting. If these symptoms are present, it is important to seek immediate medical attention in order to mitigate any long-term health risks. The train derailment in East Palestine, Ohio, serves as an important reminder of the dangers of VC. It is a highly toxic chemical that can wreak havoc on the human liver, resulting in acute liver damage and an increased risk of liver cancer. Despite its pleasant smell, it should be handled with extreme caution and its exposure should be carefully monitored. It is essential that safety protocols are in place to protect workers at risk of exposure, and that those exposed to VC seek prompt medical attention. Vinyl Chloride is a highly hazardous chemical that has been linked to acute liver damage and long-term liver cancer. Despite its pleasant smell, contact with it should be avoided as much as possible, and proper protective equipment should always be worn when handling it. For those exposed to VC, it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible in order to reduce the risk of more serious health consequences. With greater public awareness of the risks posed by this chemical and proper safety protocols in place, the East Palestine tragedy could potentially be avoided in the future.

https://www.lifetechnology.com/blogs/life-technology-medical-news/how-vinyl-chloride-the-chemical-released-in-the-ohio-train-derailment-can-damage-the-liver

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Spinal cord stimulation shown to instantly improve arm mobility after stroke

Introduction Neuroscience has developed leaps and bounds in recent times, and as a result, breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of paralysis due to stroke. Drawing on the collective expertise of University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University researchers, a neurotechnology has been developed to stimulate the spinal cord, proving to be a revolutionary breakthrough in the treatment of stroke patients. This technology has been reported in Nature Medicine and is set to lead the way in enabling people who were affected by moderate to severe stroke to regain their arm and hand mobility and go about their daily lives more easily. What is stroke and its effect? Stroke is a medical condition caused by an interruption in the blood flow to a certain area of the brain, leading to the death of brain cells in that area. This can lead to paralysis in the body due to temporary or permanent damage to the nerves, leading to loss of muscle control, movement, and coordination. It often affects the ability of a person to grab and hold objects, making daily activities a challenge. How does the neurotechnology work? The neurotechnology developed by University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University is uniquely designed to communicate with the spinal cord. It generates signals that activate the nerves in the spinal cord immediately, leading to enhanced mobility in the limbs that had been affected due to stroke. This device works by stimulating the spinal cord through an array of electrodes that are placed on the skin surface of the affected area. Those electrodes then send signals to specific points of the spinal cord, which activates the nerves and aids in restoring movement. Benefits of the neurotechnology The neurotechnology has the potential to revolutionise the treatment of stroke victims. It immediately improves the mobility of the arm and hand and helps enable patients to perform their daily activities more easily. It can also aid in the regaining of motor skills that have been lost due to stroke. Comparatively, existing treatments for stroke require months of physical therapy and rehabilitation before the patient can regain their motor functions and mobility of the affected limbs. This technology can help in reducing the time taken for recovery and enable the patient to regain their movement more quickly. Conclusion The development of this neurotechnology by researchers of University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University to help regain arm and hand mobility is truly a breakthrough in the medical world. It has the potential to revolutionise the treatment of stroke patients and enable them to quickly regain lost motor control and movement. This technology is a major step towards the betterment of lives of those affected by stroke.

https://www.lifetechnology.com/blogs/life-technology-medical-news/spinal-cord-stimulation-shown-to-instantly-improve-arm-mobility-after-stroke

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